Working papers

• Wartime Narratives and Gender Norms
  JMP

• Sons of War: the Effect of Conflict on Son Preference
  (with Jessica Mancuso)
  _{Armenia and Azerbaijan, engaged in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, are known for their strong son preference and widespread use of abortion. In such a peculiar setting, we ask: does ethnic conflict affect son preference? By merging Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data with two different sources of conflict-related casualties, we investigate the effect of ethnic conflict on fertility decisions. To do so, we leverage variations in geographic and temporal exposure to conflict-related violence in the context of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War (1988–1994), alongside variation in the gender composition of children between families. We find that families with only daughters exposed to conflict increase their fertility in the very short term. Furthermore, our analysis of births by gender reveals that this result is driven by the birth of sons. Conflict intensifies son preference, manifesting in son-targeted fertility behavior and sex-selective abortions. Lastly, we identify child replacement as a mechanism contributing to the increase in fertility, driven primarily by the replacement of male children.}
  

_{Presented at Armenian Economic Association 2025 Conference*; 2025 Mend the Gap in Economic Opportunities in Europe and Cental Asia (World Bank, Bocconi and EIEF)*; 2025 BAEM (Bristol Applied Economics Meetings) Workshop on Gender, Diversity and Human Capital; 2024 Collegio Carlo Alberto PhD Forum
*indicates presentation by co-author}

Work in progress

• Narratives and Movies
  (with Elena Esposito and Alessandro Saia)